How about the structure of the capacitive microphone, what is the working principle of microphone

A condenser microphone (also known as a condenser microphone or condenser microphone) is a common type of acoustic transducer with the following structure and operating principle:

 Structure:

1. Diaphragm: The core component of a condenser microphone is a metal diaphragm, usually made of metal foil or metal film, which is lightweight and flexible.

2. Backplate: A condenser structure is formed between the diaphragm and a fixed metal backplate. The backplate is also usually made of metal and has a gap between it and the diaphragm to form a capacitor.

3. Charge Amplifier: A condenser microphone also contains a charge amplifier to measure and amplify small changes in charge on the diaphragm.

 Working Principle:

1. Acoustic sensing: When sound waves enter a condenser microphone, the diaphragm is subjected to tiny vibrations caused by the sound waves. These vibrations cause the capacitance between the diaphragm and the back plate to change.

2. Change in charge: A change in capacitance causes a change in the charge on the diaphragm. When the diaphragm vibrates, the charge changes as well.

3. Charge measurement: A charge amplifier detects this small change in charge and amplifies it into an electrical signal that can be processed.

4. Sound Conversion: Ultimately, a condenser microphone converts sound waves into an electrical output that can be used to record, amplify, or transmit sound by connecting it to a recording device, speaker, or other audio device.

In a nutshell, condenser microphones use the vibration of the diaphragm to cause a change in capacitance, which is then converted into an electrical signal by a charge amplifier for sound conversion and transmission. This principle of operation makes condenser microphones have a wide range of applications in audio recording, communications, voice recognition and other fields.